Move from observation to implication. Ask what caused the pattern, why it matters for the objective, and what decision it should change.

For example, 'segment A grew 20%' is an observation. 'Growth is concentrated in segment A, so expansion should prioritize that segment rather than the flat core business' is an insight.

A useful insight changes the hypothesis, priority, recommendation, or next question. If useful, this guide on case interview insight generation gives more detail.