Yes, full-time recruiting can still exist, but the number of openings may be smaller and more office-dependent because firms also convert interns.
Your year-one result should become diagnostic rather than discouraging. Use the time to strengthen the resume, build relationships, and improve the exact interview weaknesses that held you back. The MBA case-interview preparation guide is a useful reset if interviewing was the issue.
Recruit broadly and verify the actual full-time process at your school. Do not assume last year's internship funnel predicts this year's hiring volume.